ABSTRACT

A total of 10 wastes samples were collected from different waste dump sites and analyzed for microbial contamination also checking their extracelluar enzymatic activities. 0.1ml volumes of each samples were homogenate separately, 10 fold serial dilution was made and was cultured on MacConkey agar, Nutrient agar, Saboraud Dextrose agar and Blood agar respectively and incubated at 370C  for 24hours. The isolated bacteria species after microbial analysis were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus sp Staphylococcus aureus,  Micrococcus sp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Rhodotorula spp. the Total Viable Counts (TVC) of Isolate from Waste Dump Samples, Total Viable Counts (TVC) of Isolate from Waste Dump Samples, The Total heterotrophic plate count range from 3.9 x 10-9 to 6.2 x 10-9 and The Total coliform plate count were range from 2.0 x 10-9 to 5.1 x 10-9 while Total staphylococcus plate count range from 3.2 x 10-9 to 7.1 x 10-9 TFPC and Total fungal plate count range from 2.2 x 10-9to 5.0 x 10-9 respectively. The percentage occurrence of the study showed that the bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus species and Escherichia coli were found to have highest percentage of occurrence with 5(27.78%) each, follow by Bacillus and Klebsiella spp with 3(16.66%) and the least was found in Micrococcus spp with 2(11.11%) respectively while the fungal species Aspergillus Flavus and Rhizopus Stolonizer has the highest of percentage with 4(33.33%) each, follow by Aspergillus Niger with 3(25.01%) and Rhodotorula spp the least with 1(8.33%) respectively. The extracellular enzymatic activities showed that Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp and Micrococus sspp found to be highest enzymes production follow by Escherichia coli, Rhizopus stolonizer, Aspergillus niger and  Aspergillus flavus and Klebsilla spp has the list enzymatic production respectively. In conclusion, the microbial qualities of the evaluated samples from different waste dump sites were averagely poor, and are certainly not fit for human consumption if by chance any crop grows around it as they are of low quality threshold. This may be due to direct contamination by animal and human excreta and other anthropogenic activities such as swimming, washing of clothes, farming etc., and thus, require further purification to ensure their suitability for human utility therefore they are considered highly valuable as they are used in fermentation processes, much as brewing, baking, cheese and butter manufacturing, chemical manufacturing such as ethanol, acetone, organic acid, enzymes, perfumes etc., microbial mining and they produce various antibiotics, vaccines, steroids as well as other therapeutically useful compounds with diverse biological activities.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgements iv

Table of Contents v

Lists of Tables viii

Abstract ix

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction  1

1.1 Aims and Objectives 3

1.2 Objectives 3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review 4

2.1 Municipal Solid Waste 4

2.2 Municipal Solid Waste Management 5

2.3 Composting Process 6

2.4 Composting Microorganisms 8

2.5 Factors Affecting Composting 10

2.6 Municipal Solid Waste for Production of Industrial Enzymes 11

     and Waste Degradation

CHAPTER THREE 

3.0 Materials and Method  13

3.1 Collection of Sample 13

3.3 Sterilization 14

3.4 Isolation of Microorganisms 14

3.5 Characterization and Identification of The Bacterial isolates 14

3.5.1 Grams Staining 14

3.5.2 Motility Test by Hanging Drop Method 15

3.6 Biochemical Characteristics of the Isolates 15

3.6.1  Catalase Test  15

3.6.2 Coagulase Test 16

3.6.3 Citrate Test  16

3.6.4 Oxidase Test 16

3.6.5 Indole Test 17

3.6.6 Urease Test 17

3.6.7 Methyl Red Test 18

3.6.8 Voges-proskaeur Test 18

3.6.9 Sugar Fermentation Test 18

3.8 Qualitative Screening for Extracellular Enzyme Producing Isolate by Plate Assay

3.8.1 Purification of isolate 19

3.8.2 Production of protease enzyme 19

3.8.3 Production of Amylases enzyme 19

3.8.4 Production of Cellulases enzyme 20

3.9 Characterization and Identification of the Fungal Isolates 20

3.9.2 Lactophenol Cotton Blue Staining 20

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1  Results 21

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0       Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation 30

5.1 Discussion 31

5.2 Conclusion 31

5.3 Recommendation 32

References 33