ABSTRACT
The study determined the availability,
improvisation and utilization of instructional materials for teaching biology
in secondary school in south-south Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive
survey research design. A sample of400 biology teachers drawn from two out of
six states that make the south-south zone of Nigeria. The sample was drawn
using multistage sampling. The instrument for data collection was a 95-item
researcherdeveloped questionnaire titled: Availability, Improvisation and
Utilization of Instructional Materials for Teaching Biology Questionnaire
(AIUIMTBQ). The instrument was validated by three experts, one expert in
Curriculum and instruction from Adult and Continuing Education, one expert each
in Education Biology and measurement and evaluation ail in College of
Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State. The
suitability of the instrument was determined using Pearson product moment
correlation which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.81. The internal
consistency of the reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach
alpha statistic which yielded coefficient of0.85. Four research assistants
helped in data collection. Out ofthe 400 copies ofthe questionnaire administered,
386 representing 97% ofthe entire questionnaire were well completed and
returned for data analysis. Frequency count was used to answer the research
question one, while hypotheses one was analyzed using Chisquare. Mean and
standard deviation were used to answer the research questions two to six while
t-test statistic was used to test null hypotheses 2-6 at 0.05 level
ofsignificance. The findings showed among others that the various available
instructional materials used for teaching and learning ofBiology in the public
secondary schools includes Charts, Posters, Plant press, Ball globe, Pictures
and Textbooks. That the extent of utilization of the available instructional
resources for teaching Biology was low while those improvised instructional
materials for teaching Biology were Charts, posters, preserved plants specimen,
Aquarium, pottered plants, computers and projectors among others. It was
recommended among others that Non-Governmental organizations and industries
should endeavour to assist government in the provision ofinstructional
materials in both the public and private secondary schools as part oftheir
corporate social responsibilities. Furthermore, researchers should carry out
more studies to discover more materials that could be effectively used in the
teaching ofBiology in Secondary schools.
ESTHER, D (2025). Availability, Improvisation And Utilization Of Instructional Materials For Teaching Biology In Secondary Schools In South-South Nigeria:- Udoudo, Esther D. Repository.mouau.edu.ng: Retrieved Oct 22, 2025, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/availability-improvisation-and-utilization-of-instructional-materials-for-teaching-biology-in-secondary-schools-in-south-south-nigeria-udoudo-esther-d-7-2
DENIS, ESTHER. "Availability, Improvisation And Utilization Of Instructional Materials For Teaching Biology In Secondary Schools In South-South Nigeria:- Udoudo, Esther D" Repository.mouau.edu.ng. Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 22 Oct. 2025, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/availability-improvisation-and-utilization-of-instructional-materials-for-teaching-biology-in-secondary-schools-in-south-south-nigeria-udoudo-esther-d-7-2. Accessed 22 Oct. 2025.
DENIS, ESTHER. "Availability, Improvisation And Utilization Of Instructional Materials For Teaching Biology In Secondary Schools In South-South Nigeria:- Udoudo, Esther D". Repository.mouau.edu.ng, Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 22 Oct. 2025. Web. 22 Oct. 2025. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/availability-improvisation-and-utilization-of-instructional-materials-for-teaching-biology-in-secondary-schools-in-south-south-nigeria-udoudo-esther-d-7-2 >.
DENIS, ESTHER. "Availability, Improvisation And Utilization Of Instructional Materials For Teaching Biology In Secondary Schools In South-South Nigeria:- Udoudo, Esther D" Repository.mouau.edu.ng (2025). Accessed 22 Oct. 2025. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/availability-improvisation-and-utilization-of-instructional-materials-for-teaching-biology-in-secondary-schools-in-south-south-nigeria-udoudo-esther-d-7-2