ABSTRACT

Electricity has been the key to industrial expansion and this by and large, contributes to the improvement in the standard of living of individuals. The electrical transmission and distribution system ensures that electricity is supplied to the consumer at the correct voltage from which most electrical electronics appliances have been designed to operate. However, it is experienced in everyday life that there are voltage fluctuations in the AC mains voltage supplied to the consumer. It-is either the voltage is lower than the voltage in which case it will be impossible to operate the electrical electronic appliance or the voltage is much higher than the normal voltage. In which cause damage to the appliances and in some case fire outbreaks which can lead to loss of life and properties are inevitable. The voltage fluctuations can also result in heavy losses for industries. It is pertinent to point out here that the voltage fluctuations may be due to faults occurring at the power station or in the transmission distribution network. Domestically when consumers switch large power loads intermittently on the power system, voltage dips which affect illumination voltage sensitive relays equipment’s etc. to occur.