Toxicant Effect Of Ethanol Extract Of Sida Acuta Burm F. Leaves On Organ Liver Function Tests Of Female Albino Rats:- Nwaobilor Chinasa H

ABSTRACT This research project is aimed at determining the toxicant effect ofethanol extract of Sida acuta Burm F leaves on organ liver function test offemale albino rats. A total of 60 rats were used for this study for a period of 90 days chronic study. The rats were divided into four groups of fifteen rats each designated as Group 1: (Normal control) were given distilled water and feed only, Group 2: Received 200 mg/kg body weight ofplant extract, Group 3: Received 400 mg/kg body weight of plant extract and Group 4: Received 800mg/kg ofplant extract at the end of30, 60 and 90 days treatment. Blood samples were collected by ocular puncture from individual female albino rats according to their groups into sample bottles for the determination ofbiochemical parameter. The result ofthe ALP activity at 30 days showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in activity of the treated groups as the concentration of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg ofthe extract increases (p<0.05) compared to the control. At 60 and 90 days there was also a significant decrease (p<0.05) as the concentration of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg ofthe extract increases (p<0.05) in activity ofALP ofthe treated groups compared to the control. The result ofthe ALT activity showed that there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the concentration of 200 mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800 mg/kg treated groups compared to the control at 30 days. At 60 and 90 days there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in ALT activity ofthe treated groups compared to that ofthe control. The AST activity at 30 and 60 days showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the activity of AST as the concentration of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg, 800mg/kg increases (p<0.05) in the treated group compared to the control. At 90 days there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the concentration of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg in the activity of AST of the treated groups compared to the control. At 30 days there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the concentration of 200 mg/kg of total bilirubin compared to the control except for that ofthe group treated with 400 mg/kg ofthe extract which had a value of 0.14 mg/dl. The result ofthe direct bilirubin showed that for 30 and 60 days there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the concentration of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg of direct bilirubin compared to that of the control. At 90 days there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the concentration of 800 mg/kg of direct bilirubin compared to the control except for the group treated with 200 mg/kg ofthe extract which had a value of 0.12 mg/dl. The result ofthe conjugated bilirubin showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the concentration of 200mg/kg and 800mg/kg of conjugated bilirubin at 30 days. At 60 days the concentration of conjugated bilirubin revealed that there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the concentration of 200mg/kg and 800mg/kg of conjugated bilirubin concentration except for group treated with 400 mg/kg ofthe extract which had a value of 0.07 mg/kg. Sida acuta extract suggest to be non-toxic to the liver at the concentration used in this study.