Phytochemical, proximate, vitamin and antimicrobial properties of annona muricata leaf and fruit :- Eme Victor N.

ABSTRACT

 Annona muricata is an economic plant that is useful for human life and has a very good medicinal purpose. This study examines the phytochemical, proximate, vitamin and antimicrobial properties of A.muricata leaf and fruit (pulp). Phytochemical leaf analysis shows that oxalate has 0.32% ± 0.01. tannins 0.62% ±0.00, phenols 1.12% ±0.00, alkaloids 1.05% ±0.00, flavonoids 2.21% ±0.07, saponins 1.12%± 0.02, HCN 9.87%± 0.03, and phytates 0.38%± 0.02 while the Pulp is 0.12% ±0.01, 0.17%± 0.00, 0.36%± 0.00, 0.49%±0.02, 0.97%± 0.01, 0.15%± 0.01, 0.94%± 0.05 and 0.17% ±0.00 respectively. Phytochemical in the leaf is higher than that of the pulp. The proximate analysyes of A.muricata also shows that the proximate content ofthe leafis higher in the plant except the carbohydrate which is lower in the leafthan in the pulp with the following results, protein 21.17% ± 0.45, fat 5.56% ± 0.15, fibre 24.94% ±0.07, ash 12.86% ± 0.21, moisture content 10.4% ± 0.35, and CHO 25.1% ±0.65 in the leaf while the pulp is protein 22.95% ± 0.9, fat 1.59% ± 0.15, fibre 5.23% ±1.25, ash 1.02% ± 0.95, MC 10.55% ± 0.85 and CHO 77.69% ± 0.59. The vitamin composition of A.muricata leaf is lower while vitamin is much higher in the pulp more especially vitamin C which was observed from the analyses result, thiamine 0.359mg/100g ± 0.01, Riboflavin 0.064mg/100g ± 0.04, Niacin 0.041 mg/lOOg ±0.04, vitamin C 8.330 mg/100g± 0.21 for the leaf and 0.873 mg/lOOg ± 1.13 thiamine, 0.1976 mg/lOOg ± 0.06 riboflavin, 0.282 mg/lOOg ± 0.03 niacin and 22.46 mg/lOOg ± 0.025 for vitamin C. Antimicrobial sensitivity test shows that the aqueous extract of the leaf was least effective against the pathogen compared with the ethanol and methanol extract. It was therefore recommended that A.muricata is useful in the development of raw material for pharmaceutical field and medicinal use for human benefit.