Phytochemical Components And Characterization Of Guava and Pride Of Babados Leaves:- Okobodo, Macdonald C

ABSTRACT

 This research project is to investigate the phytochemical constituents ofleaves ofguava and pride of Barbados. The study revealed that the leaves of these medicinal plants contain alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponins, phenols, tannins, anthrocyanins and glycosides. The percentage phytochemical constituents of the leaves of the guava plant are as follows: (1.636±0.010 %) alkaloid, (3.17±0.006%) flavonoid, (3.58±0.424%) steroid, (7.79±0.156%) saponins, (1.249±0.004%) phenol, (0.825±0.001%) tannins, (0.927±0.004%) anthrocyanin and (8.78±0.056ug/g) cyagemic glycosides while pride of Barbados leaves contain about (2.85±0.052%) alkaloid, (1.63±0.106%) flavonoid, (2.95±0.099%) steroid, (5.22±0.134%) saponins, (0.007±0.014%) phenol, (0.0252±0.172%) tannins, (0.817±0.002%) anthrocyanins and (3.30±0.156 ug/g) glycoside. The leave samples were further analyzed with GC-MS after column chromatography and TLC separation and purification analytical method, the result showed the presence of numerous compounds identified and classified with their percentage content as follows; sesquiterpenes (0.46 — 1.94%), sesquiterpene alcohol (1.85 - 6.84% ), terpemoid (1.38 — 9.93%), monoterpene alcohol (0.00 - 9.63), fatty acid (1.18 - 28.36%), fatty acid ester (1.77 - 13.94%), fatty acid chloride (0.01 - 9.92%), alcohol (0.42 - 13.44%), ketone (1.76 - 13.51%), alkane (0.32 — 1.09%), and alkyne (0.49%) while the leave sample of pride of barbados were classified with their percentage content as follows; sesquiterpenes (0.63 - 1.86%), sesquiterpene alcohol (0.00 — 0.67% ), terpemoid (0.00 — 0.77%), monoterpene alcohol (0.00 - 0.39), monoterpene (0.00 — 0.58%), fatty acid (11.76 - 14.72%), fatty acid ester (0.65 - 14.48%), fatty acid chloride (0.00 — 1.70%), fatty acid bromide (0.00 — 1.02), phenolic ketone (0.00 - 0.54%), ketone (1.66 - 1.81%), aromatic (0.11 - 0.21%), and alkyne (0.00 - 1.58%), hetrocyclic compound (0.03 - 0.06%), halogen cycloalkane (0.00 - 0.06%), epoxide (0.00 - 2.34%), ester (0.00 - 4.92%) and steroid (0.00 - 2.44%). The presence of these compounds and phytochemicals could be the reason why the leaves of these plants are used for medicinal purposes.