Investigation On Hepatic And Nephro-Toxicity Of Mosquito Coil Smoke In Diabetic Wistar Rats:- Sylvernus, Cynthia C.

ABSTRACT xi Hepatic and nephro-toxicity effect of mosquito coil smoke on experimental diabetic wistar rats was investigated. Four groups ofwistar rats designated A.,B,C,D were used representing treatments of diabetic untreated rats not exposed to mosquito coil smoke, diabetic rats exposed to mosquito coil smoke, Non-diabetic exposed rats and normal rats(control) respectively. Diabetes was induced by treatment with alloxan while exposure to mosquito coil smoke lasted for a fortnight after which the rats in all the treatments and normal control were sacrificed. Some hematological indices studied includes white blood cell count, blood urea and blood sugar as well as health biomarkers like malondialdehyde (MDA) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Results obtained shows increase in sugar level from an average of 80mg/dl in the control to 350 mg/dl in the untreated while the diabetic rats exposed to the coil and the non-diabetic exposed rats recorded an average of 220 mg/dl each. The hematological indices showed variations in the white blood cell counts having 5.43x10a3 cells/mmA3 as the highest in the diabetic non-exposed rats and 1.93*10a3 cells/mmA3 as the lowest in non-diabetic exposed rats. Blood urea did not vary much as the control recorded 37.63 mg/dl as the highest while diabetic non-exposed rats had 29.75 mg/dl as the lowest. No significant difference was recorded between the diabetic exposed rats and non-diabetic exposed rats which had 36.75 mg/dl each. The malondialdehyde content ofthe blood reduced from 3.23 mg /ml in the control to a minimum of 0.70 mg/ml in the diabetic non-exposed rats while the diabetic exposed rats and non-diabetic exposed rats recorded 0.73 mg/ml and 1.08 mg/ml respectively. There were significant increases in the liver function enzyme (ALT), from 20 IU/L in the control to 35.0 IU/L in the exposed diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Exposure to mosquito coil smoke had marked effect on the liver of both diabetic and non-diabetic rats as shown in manifested hepato-degeneration and hepatoxicity but no renal toxicity was manifested in the histopathology examinations. It was concluded that the mosquito coil smoke had a deleterious effect on the rats whether diabetic or non-diabetics