Gc; Ms Characterization, Antidiabetic And Hypoglycemic Activity Of Pentachetha Macrophyla:- Uzoije Ngozi M

ABSTRACT This research project is aimed at the determining the anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties of the essential oil of Pentaclethra macrophylla benth and to characterize using GC; MS technique. The extraction of the essential oil from the leaf was carried out with a clevenger type apparatus according to the Hungarian pharmacopeia VII (1996). 200g of the sample was used, it was distilled with 500ml of water for 3 hours. The resulting essential oil was dried over i anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored at 4 degree celsius. The analysis of phytochemical was performed on a BUCK M910 Gas chromatography equipped with HP-5MS column (30 m in length x 250 pm in diameter x 0.25 pm in thickness offilm). Spectroscopic detection by GC-MS involved an electron ionization system which utilized high energy electrons (70 eV). Pure helium gas (99.995%) was used as the carrier gas with flow rate of 1 mL/min. The initial temperature was set at 50 °C with increasing rate of 3 °C/min and holding time of about 10 min. Finally, the temperature was increased to 300 °C at 10 °C/min. One microliter of the prepared 1% of the extracts diluted with acetonitrile was injected in a splitless mode. Relative quantity of the chemical compounds present in each of the extracts of was expressed as percentage based on peak area produced in the chromatogram. The result of the GC; MS analysis of Pentaclethra macrophylla revealed that there was a significant (p<0.05) in retention time and peak area within the identified compounds. The result of the hypoglycemic activity showed that the essential oil ofthe plant had a significant (p<0.05) inhibition percentage against lipase than gallic acid but not for alpha glucosidase and alpha-amylase. The essential oil had greater glucose absorption ’ capacity at 50 mg/ml concentration while the glucose retardation index was higher for 30 minutes, though lower that that of alpha amylase. The result obtained from this study showed that the essential oil of has a high concentration of bioactive compounds. It has also shown to have high hypoglycemic potential especially having great inhibition against lipase activity compared to gallic acid.