Comparative Effect Of Synthetic Anti-Malaria Drug (Lumartem) And Natural Anti- Malaria Plant (Azadirachta Indica ) On Hepatic Enzymes And Renal Function Indices In Normal Male Wistar Albino Rats.:- Umeh Ezinne J

ABSTRACT for therapeutic use. / xiii • I 7 I The effect of ethanol extract ofAzadirachta indica (EAI), a natural anti-malarial on normal male wistar albino rat was studied and compared with lumartem a synthetic anti-malarial drug. The phytochemical and toxicity study lofthe plant leaves were also studied. The animal for study was grouped into six offive rats eachj Group 1 (Normal control), group 2 (DMSO control), group 3 (100mg/kg bw EAI) , group 4 (300 mg/kg bw EAI), group 5(Jumartem 1.5mg/kg bw), group 6 lumartem (3.5mg/kg bw). After 2-8 days oftreatment the rats were sacrificed according to their groups, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for the analysis of biochemical parameters Alanin transaminases ;(ALT), Aspartate transaminases (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Bilirubin, urea, total protein, globulin, albumin, body weight, relative organ weight). Different organs were removed and weighed. The relative organ weight was calculated from the ratio oforgan weight to the body height on the day ofsacrifice. The LD50 ofthe extract was also determined and was higher than l'900mg/kg. The mean body weight of all the groups increased significantly (p>0.05) compared Iwith initial body weight. Result of phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of higher concentrations of tannins (1269.63±0.170mg/100g), terpenoids (1025.50±0.004 mg/lOOg), phenol^(601.48±0.002 mg/lOOg), and lower concentrations of HCN (0.040±0.003 mg/lOOg), saponin ;(1.74±0.004 mg/lOOg). In the biochemical parameters, ALT and AST was significantly decreased (p>0.05) in all groups when compared with the normal control, ALP, total protein, bilirubin, albumin, globulin were all increased significantly (p<0.05)in all the groups.In conclusion,- the high concentration of tannin, terpenes phenol and lower concentration of hydrogen cyanide, saponin and others makes Azadirachta indica, good for therapeutic use.