ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at determining the microbiological quality of some brands of locally produced cosmetics powders sold within Umuahia metropolis. A total of thirty (30) samples; fifteen (15) each of baby powder and adult powder with different manufacturing dates were randomly purchased in different markets in Umuahia, Abia State transferred to the laboratory and analysed. A 10 fold serial dilution was carried out followed by plating using standard spread plate method. From the result, it was observed that all the products were contaminated, having total viable count ranging from 3.50x106 – 1.35x107 cfu/ml for the adult powder and 4.90x106 – 1.37x107 cfu/g for the baby powder. Bacteria isolated from the adult powder were Staphlococcus spp 48%, Micrococcus spp. 4%, Streptococcus spp. 19%, Bacillus spp. 6%, Escherichia coli were not isolated from any of the adult powders. While bacterial isolates from the baby powders include Bacillus spp. 15%, Escherichia coli 4%, Micrococcus spp. 15%, Staphlococcus spp 39%, Streptococcus spp. 27%. Fungal isolates from the adult powders were Candida spp. 24%, Penicillium spp. 14%, Aspergillus spp. 33%, Rhizopus spp. 29% while fungal isolates from the  baby powders were  Rhizopus spp. 30%, Aspergillus spp. 30%, Trichoderma spp. 15%, Penicillium spp. 7%, Candida spp. 18%. From this study, it was established that these products analysed were more contaminated with bacteria than fungi. And also the baby powders studied are found to be more contaminated than the adult powders.T herefore, good manufacturing practices and hygiene must be carried out by manufacturers and personnel, water must be tested continuously for microbial growth, raw materials should be tested before use especially those of natural origin and cosmetic products should be stored in an aseptic environment to avoid contamination before vendinig in the markets.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE  PAGE I

CERTIFICATION II

DEDICATION III

ACKNOWLEDGMENT IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS V

LIST OF TABLES VIII

ABSTRACT IX

 CHAPTER  ONE 

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.2 Aims 5

1.3 Objectives 5

CHAPTER TWO 

2.0 LITERATURE  REVIEW 6

2.1 Cosmetic 8

2.1.1 Cosmetic Ingredients 9

2.1.2 Types of Cosmetic Products 10

2.1.2.1 Solution Cosmetics 11

 2.1.2.2 Cream/Emulsions             11

2.1.2.3 Lotions 11

2.1.2.4 Suspensions 12

 2.1.2.5 Ointments/Pastes 12

2.1.2.6 Tablets and Capsules 12

2.1.2.7 Powders 13

2.1.2.8 Gels 13

2.1.2.9 Sticks 13

2.1.2.10 Aerosol 14

2.2 Cosmetic Powder 14

2.3 Components of Cosmetic Powder 15

2. 4 Importance of Cosmetic Powder 17

2.5 Micro-Organisms Associated with  Cosmetic  Powder 18

2.6 Preservation and Storage  of Cosmetic  Powder 19

CHAPTER THREE 

3.0  MATERIAL AND METHOD  21

3.1 Sample Collection  21

3.2   Sterilization  of Materials 21

3.3 preparation of Culture  Media  21

3.4 Media Used 22

3.5 Preparation and Inoculation of Samples 22

3.6  Isolation and Enumeration of Micro-Organisms 22

3.7 Morphological and  Biochemical  Identification  of Isolates 23

3.7.1 Gram Staining 24

3.8 Biochemical Tests 24

3.8.1 Catalase  Test  24

3.8.2  Coagulase  Test 24

3.8.3  Sugar  Fermentation  Test 25

CHAPTER FOUR 

4.0 RESULT  26

4.1  Characterization and Identification  of Bacterial Isolates  from the  Cosmetic  Powder  Samples     

4.2  Bacteriological Count  of Baby Powder 28

4.3 Bacteriological Count  of Adult  Powder  29

4.4  Fungal  Count  of Baby  Powder 30

4.5  Fungal Count of Adult Powder 31

4.6  Identification  and Characterization  of Fungal  Isolates  32

4.7  Frequency of  Occurrence  of Bacterial  Isolates  form the  Baby  Powders 33

4.8  Frequency  of Occurrence  of Bacterial  Isolates  From Adult  Powder    34

4.9 frequency of  Occurrence  of Fungal  Isolates  From  Baby Powders 35

4.10 Frequency of Occurrence of Fungal Isolates in Adult Powders 36

CHAPTER  FIVE 

5.0  DISCUSSION  37

5.1  Recommendation             39 

5.2 conclusion 40

 References