ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the hepatotoxicity activity of two broad spectrum antibiotics, Amoicil un and ('iprolloxacin both independently and synergistically in Wistar albino rats for prolonged administration br twenty-one day period. Doses of 7.14mg/kg and 14.28 mg/kg vhiIi are equivalents for 500mg and I 000mg of' both drugs in human were used for the experiment, and 7. I 4nig/kr'. (i.e. 500mg in human equivalent) each of' both drugs were administered to evaluate synergistic eb'bct. the control group for this study received no administration (negative control). Group I was the control, group 2 received 7. 14mg/kg (500mg) of Ciprofloxacin. group 3 receive(l 7. I 4ing/kg (500mg) ol' Amoxicillin. group 4 received 14.28mg/kg (1000mg) of' Ciprolloxacin. group 5 received 14.28mg/kg (1000mg) of Amoxicillin and group 6 received 7.14mg/kg (500mg) of both drugs. After the 21-day period, the animals were fasted and their blood and liver collected for biochemical and histopathology examination of' the liver respectively. 'I'he dcgi'ee of hepatotoxicity was determined by measuring levels of' biochemical markers Alanine aminoiransferasc (Al ,T). Aspartate aminotransli'ase (ASl).A Ikal inephospliatise (Al .P). l3ilirubin and Total protein. It was observed at the end ob' the study that the levels of' Al .1, AS]. Al and Total protein (I 7.5 3.54. 28.0 2.83. 76.38 I 2.97. 8.20 I 0.04) showed sign i bicant difference (p<O.OS) when compared with the control, the bil iruhi ii level (0.90 I 0.04) in the sertim showed no signi bicant difference (p>O.05). 'Ihe histopathology examination showed normal hepatoeyles for animals in groups I (control). 3. 4 and. 5. but showed iiccrosis. mono-nuclear phagocytes and mild to severe infiltration of inflammatory cells. In conclusion, the results of' this study showed that the administration of both drugs at 'iorrnaI doses has little cf'fcci on the liver biomarkrs, hut at higher doses of both drugs showed more iniury to liepatocytes at prolonged use. ]'he synergistic use of' both drugs however, showsseverc injury to liver cells, with inflammatory and phagocylic infiltration.