Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial quality of three bottled water samples sold at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike:- Muoghalu Chiamaka
ABSTRACT
In this study, different bottled water brands
in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture were compared and analysed. The
standard water testing methods were used to access the physicochemical and
microbiological quality of these samples (Mr V Table Water, CW A Y Table Water,
Eva Table Water and Pax Table Water). The four water samples do not conform to
the World Health Organization acceptable standards of zero bacteria for
drinking water as they contain significant amount of bacteria ranging from 3.5x
10'CFU/ml to 4.45x 1O'CFU/ml. However, Eva water had the lowest Total Bacteria
Count of 3.5 x 10\. The four samples showed zero presence of Fungal and
Coliform microorganisms which are within the WHO standard for zero condition
for portable water. The physicochemical parameters such as; Electrical
Conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Hardness, Iron (Fe),
Chloride (Cl), Nitrate (N), Fluoride (F) and Copper (Cu) were all below WHO
acceptable limits for all water samples tested except for the alkalinity that
ranged from 140.35 mg/I to 145.23 mg/l and phosphorous (0.79-0.94) which were
found to be above the permissible limit of 50 mg/l and zero respectively as
recommended by the World Health Organization. Public awareness should also be
created that bottled water may still be impure, despite appearing attractive
and convenient.
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CHIAMAKA, P (2024). Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial quality of three bottled water samples sold at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike:- Muoghalu Chiamaka . Repository.mouau.edu.ng: Retrieved Nov 25, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-physicochemical-and-microbial-quality-of-three-bottled-water-samples-sold-at-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike-muoghalu-chiamaka-7-2
PRECIOUS, CHIAMAKA. "Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial quality of three bottled water samples sold at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike:- Muoghalu Chiamaka " Repository.mouau.edu.ng. Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 10 Jul. 2024, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-physicochemical-and-microbial-quality-of-three-bottled-water-samples-sold-at-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike-muoghalu-chiamaka-7-2. Accessed 25 Nov. 2024.
PRECIOUS, CHIAMAKA. "Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial quality of three bottled water samples sold at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike:- Muoghalu Chiamaka ". Repository.mouau.edu.ng, Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 10 Jul. 2024. Web. 25 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-physicochemical-and-microbial-quality-of-three-bottled-water-samples-sold-at-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike-muoghalu-chiamaka-7-2 >.
PRECIOUS, CHIAMAKA. "Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial quality of three bottled water samples sold at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike:- Muoghalu Chiamaka " Repository.mouau.edu.ng (2024). Accessed 25 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-physicochemical-and-microbial-quality-of-three-bottled-water-samples-sold-at-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike-muoghalu-chiamaka-7-2