ABSTRACT

Serratia marcescens was isolated from soil samples using spread plate method on Mac.Conkey agar while Mac.Conkey broth was used for fermentation and production of prodigiosin. The production of secondary metabolite (prodigiosin) was authenticated by antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest zone of inhibition was observed with Staphylococcus aureus with a mean inhibition diameter of 22.33mm. Next was Streptococcus pyogenes with a mean inhibition diameter of 20.67mm. This was closely followed by Klebsiella  pneumoniae, with a mean inhibition diameter of 16.67mm. Lastly was Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a mean inhibition diameter of 13.67mm. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of prodigiosin against Staphylococcus aureus was tested. The various dilution concentrations of the antibiotics were obtained by diluting the corresponding decimal percentage mil of the supernatant from the production broth into 10ml peptone water, already inoculated with the corresponding test organism. At concentration percentages of 70, 65, 50 and 45, prodigiosin was inhibitory to Staphylococcus aureus. At concentration percentages of 30, prodigiosin was not effective on Staphylococcus aureus. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of prodigiosin against Klebsiella pneumonia was tested. At concentration percentages of 70 and 65, prodigiosin was inhibitory to Klebsiella pneumonia. At concentration percentages of 50, 45 and 30, prodigiosin was not effective on Klebsiella pneumonia. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of prodigiosin against Streptococcus pyogenes was also acertained. At concentration percentages of 70, 65 and 50, prodigiosin was inhibitory to Streptococcus pyogenes. At concentration percentages of 45 and 30, prodigiosin was not effective on Streptococcus pyogenes. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of prodigiosin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also deciphered. At concentration percentages of 70 and 65, prodigiosin was inhibitory to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At concentration percentages of 50, 45 and 30, prodigiosin was not effective on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, since prodigiosin produced marked inhibitory effects on these pathogenic organisms, that means prodigiosin can be used to treat diseases caused by this organisms. 

TABLE OF CONTENT

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgements iv

Table of Contents v

List of Tables viii

List of Figures                                                                                                                         ix

Abstract x

CHAPTER ONE

1.0. INTRODUCTION……………................……………………………………….2

1.1. AIM…………………………………………………………….............…………2

1.2. OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………............…………2

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. PRODIGIOSIN………………………………………………..........…………….3

2.2. Serratia marcescens…………………………………………........……………….4

2.3. IDENTIFICATION OF Serratia marcescens………......……………………….7

2.4. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENECITY……………………......……….7

2.5. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION…………………………………….....……….8

2.6. PATHOGENESIS……………………………………………….........………..9

2.7. USES AND APPLICATION OF PRODIGIOSIN PIGMENT….......……..10

2.8. ANTIMICROBAL SCREENING METHODS ……………………......…..12

CHAPTER THREE

MATERIAL AND METHOD

3.1. COLLECTION OF SAMPLES…........…………………………………….13

3.2. COLLECTION OF TEST ORGANISMS........……………………………13

3.2.1 BIOCHEMICAL TESTS RUN ON THE TEST ORGANISMS TO        

           AUTHENTICATE THEIR IDENTITY……………......…………………..14

3.2. PREPARATION OF MEDIA………………………………………........…15

3.3. ISOLATION OF Serratia marcescens………………………………......….16

3.3.1.CONFIRMATORY TESTS RUN ON THE ISOLATES TO AUTHENTICATE THEIR IDENTITY AS SERRATIA MARCESCENS………………………...…..16

3.4. PRESUMPTIVE TEST FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRODIGIOSIN..18

3.5. PRODUCTION OF PRODIGIOSIN……………………………………….18

3.6. ANTIMICROBIAL ASSAY ON THE PRODUCTION OF PRODIGIOSIN

            (AGAR WELL DIFFUSION METHOD)………………………………..19

3.7 MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION…….19

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      RESULTS…………………………………………………………………..27

CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION……………………………………………..28

5.1. DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………..28

5.2. CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………29

REFERENCE……………………………………………………………………..32