ABTRACT

 The objectives of this study was to examine the phytochemical constituent, acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf extract of annona muricata in dihydrotestosteroneestradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in male wistar albino rats .The disease was induced using dihydrotestosterone and estradiol valerate in a ratio 10:1; twenty rats were used and kept in five groups, the experiment lasted for twenty eight days. The first group was called the nonnal control group and was not induced with the honnone DHT but received oral and subcutaneous administration of olive oil for twenty-eight days of the experiment. The second group was the disease control group, which received subcutaneous injection of 9mg/kg body weight of dihydrotestosterone , 0.9mg/kg body weight estradiol-valerate and oral administration of pure olive oil every day for 28 days. The third group, the drug control group received subcutaneous injection of 9mg/kg body weight of dihydrotestosterone, 0.9mg/kg body weight estradiol-valerate and oral administration of 5mg/70kg finasteride every day. The fourth group received received subcutaneous injection of 9mg/kg body weight of dihydrotestosterone and 0.9mg/kg body weight estradiol valerate every other day for 28 days and oral administration of 200mg of Annona Muricata every other for 28 days, while the fifth group received subcutaneous injection of 9mg/kg body weight of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 0.9mg/kg body weight estradiol valerate every day for 28days and oral administration of 400mg Annona Muricata.The result of the phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoid,saponins,tanins and phenol. The acute toxicity studies showed that the extract is safe at maximum dose of 2250mg l kg bwt of the extract. The result also showed significant (p<0.05) increases in the levels of C-reactive protein,PSA and relative prostate weight in disease control in relation to other treatment group. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in creatine kinase.Methanol leaf extracts of Annona muricata shows its ability to reduce prostate size,C-reactive protein level and a moderate increase in the body weight of the rats. It also showed anti-inflammatory activities which could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenols.