ABSTRACT

Extracts of   seed of Garcinia kola were used to determine the antibacterial properties of the extract. Methanol and ethanol were used for the extraction. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; mg/ml) and Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC; mg/ml) of the extract as well as zones of inhibition of the extract were determined. Seed extract of Garcinia kola was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at 25mg/ml concentration. The variation in the antibacterial activities is presumed to be due to different active compounds present in the extract. The aim of this research is to determine the antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola extracts on some test organisms. The findings of this research concluded that the antibacterial effect and inhibitory concentration of Garcina kola was more effective in modern day use of traditional medicine. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Declaration ii

Certification iii

Dedication iv

Acknowledgement v

Table of Contents vi

List of Tables viii

Abstract ix

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Aims and objectives 4

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature review 5

2.1 Garcinia kola (bitter kola) 5

2.2 Scientific classification 16

2.3 Common names 16

2.4 Traditional uses and medicinal values 17

2.5 Scientific research on Garcinia kola 18

2.5.1 Chemical constituents 18

2.5.2 Anti-microbial properties 18

2.5.3 Anti-diabetic properties 19

2.5.4 Hepatoprotective and anti-oxidant activities 19

2.5.5 Effects on fertility 19

2.5.6 Other studies on Garcinia kola 20

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and methods 22

3.1 Preparation of plant extract 22

3.2 Orthodox antibiotics 22

3.3 Test microorganisms 22

3.4 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing 23

3.5 Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) 23

3.6 Determination of maximum bactericidal concentration (MBC) 24

CHAPTER FOUR       

4.0      Results 25

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0       Discussion and conclusion 29

5.1 Discussion 29

5.2 Conclusion 30

References 31