A BSTRACT

A comparative evaluation of the effect of four unconventional plant protein with and without " Bio-growth promoter" was carried out on Anak broilers using 1 6 0 two weeks old broiler chick in a completely randomised design experiment. The trial lasted five weeks. The 160-unsexed broilers of Anak strain were randomly allocated to 8 dietaiy treatments each having 2 replicates of 10 birds. .The diets were designated as diets 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8. Diets 1, 3, 5 and 7 had unsupplemenleci plant protein sources such as Soyabean meal, cashew nut meal, oraludi and Akidi (cowpea species) while Diet 2,4,6 and 8 had the same protein- based diet with "bio-growth" supplementation in the same order. Each diet was offered ad-libiiu,,i to the birds. The mean daily body weight gain (g), mean daily feed iniake (g) and feed-b -grain ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. Birds fed diets I and 2 gave the highest mean daily body weight gain (22.43 arid 23.11g). This is closely followed by birds fed diets 3 and 4 (17.78 and 21.27g) while those fed diet 5, 6, 7 and 8 exhibited poorer perfonriamice. It was also observed that birds whose diets (2, 4 and 8) were supplcmciited with enzyme gave better performance when compared with the unsupplemented diets only with the exception of diet 6. The values obtained on the feed —to-grain ratio showed significant (P<0.05) difference among time treatment diets with diet 2 being the best (2.89) while diet 7 gave the poorest value (4. 14). It was also observed that with an increasing body weight, there was also an increase in protein requirements for maintenance, feather, tissue and energy requirement for tissue growth in all diets except for bird fed diets 5 and 6. The cost analysis indices showed significant (P<O.05) differences, Diet I and 2 had the highest revenue accrued and gross margin. T)he cowpea variety based diets (5, 6 7 and 8) with or without enzyme supptmentation exhibited good results, especially for diet 8 which had a revenue accrued to be N- 552.00 as compared to diet 7 of N- 481.00 making a difference of.N-71.00 for the " oraludi" (Cowpca) variety. Based on the foregoing, Soyabean meal and Cashew nut meal, growth enzyme supplemented diets are recommended. Finally, cowpea should be better processed and then used with Bio- growth in order to give better result.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Certification -- ii

Declaration -- iii

Dedication -- iv

Acknowledgements-- v

Abstract -- -- vi

Table of content vii

List of Tables -- X

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1 1 General Introduction--

1.2 Statement of the problem

1.3 Objectives ofthestudy --

1.4 Justification 0

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Soya bean — Glycine max 4

2.1.1 Historical Background -- 4

2.1.2 Nutrient Potential/Nutrient Composition of Soyabean 5

2.1.3 Productive Perfonnance of Fann Animal

fed Diet of Soyabean 6

2.1.4 Anti-Nutritional Components of Soyabean 6

2.2 Cashew Nut Tree (Anarcardizun occidenfale) -- 7

2.2.1 Historical Background - 7

2.2.2 Nutrient Composition of Cashew Nut 8

2.2.3 Productive Peiforniance of Cowpea fed to farm animas 9

2.2.4 Anti- Nutrient Factors in Cowpea 9

2.3 Cowpea Varieties ( Vigna unquiculata): "oraludi" and "Akidi

Turu Agwa" --- --- 10

2.3.1 Historical Background -- -- 10

2.3.2 Nutrient Potential/Nutrient Composition of Cowpea-- 11

2.3.3 Productive Performance of Farm Animals fed cowpea -- 12

2.3.4 Anti-Nutritive Factor - -- -- 12

2.4 Enzymes - 13

2.4.1 Definition and Meaning-- 13

2.4.2 Types and Nature of Enzymes -- 14

2.4.3 Nomenclature and Examples -- -- 14

2.4.4 Use of Enzyme in feed Industry--- 15

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS

3.1 Experimental Site 18

3.2 Experimental Birds and Design 18

3.3 Feed 18

3.3.1 Test Ingredient 19

3.3.2 Procurement and processing of feed ingredients -- 19

3.3.3 Diet Formulation-- 19

3.4 Management of Experimental Birds 21

3.5 Data Collection-- 21

3.6 Determination of Growth Parameters 21

3.7 Economics of Production 22

3.8 Statistical Analysis 22

3.9 Determination of protein and Energy requirements

of broiler Chicks - 23

3.9.1 Protein Requirement 23

3.9.2 Tissue growth 23

3.9.3 Maintenance 23

3.9.4 Feather Growth-- -- 24

3.9.5 Energy Requirement-- 25

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Growth Performance Characteristics of Experimental Birds

fed different Unconventional protein Sources with and without

Bio-growth -- 26

4.2 Calculated Protein and Energy Requirements for Tissue.

Maintenance and Feather growth by the birds fed

Unconventional plant protein sources with and without

Bio-growth promoters -- 3

4.3 Cost Analysis! Comparison of feed from Different plant

Protein sources withlwithout enzyme supplementation - 3

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary--- 37

5.2 Recommendation--

References

Appendices