ABSTRACT
Twenty hybrid maize genotypes were evaluated in
Umuahia Abia state, to study their yield, yield components and proximate
composition. The genotypes were separated into two (yellow and white genotypes)
and each group laid out as a separate experiment for two years from June-
November 2014 and 2015. In each experiment, the genotypes were laid out in a
randomized complete block design replicated three times. Genotypes did not show
significant differences (p> 0.05) among themselves for all Agronomic
attributes in both experiments; however, genotypes exhibited significant
variability (p< 0.001) for most yield traits and for insects, disease and
rodents score parameters. There was significant genotype x environment interactions
for most traits. Broadsense heritability and genetic advance for number of
plants harvested/plot, shelled grain weight, ear height, ear aspect, rust, ear
rot, blight and stalk lodging were high for white maize genotypes evaluated in
2015, but only streak was high in 2014; likewise, for the yellow maize, only
cob length was high in 2014, while others, including those in 2015 were low.
Correlation for days to tasselling, ear aspect traits, plant aspect, stem
borer, insect damage, blight, rodents damage and ear rot were high and
significant in the white and the yellow maize genotypes. For proximate
composition, crude fat, moisture content and dry matter had high heritability
for white maize in 2015, low in all traits of both 2014 white maize genotypes and
those of yellow maize genotypes in 2014 and 2015. There was no correlation of
any of the proximate components with seed yield. Results also showed that the
range of proximate composition obtained for both white and yellow genotypes
were: crude protein 9.54- 11.18 for yellow, 10.70-1.78 for white, crude fat
2.15-5 for yellow, 4.76-5.05 for white, moisture content 12.3014.33 for yellow,
10.64-16.45 for white, Ash 0.97-1.46 for yellow, 1.16- 2.29 for white, crude
fibre 1.36-1.75 for yellow, 1.75-1.97 for white, carbohydrate 68.35- 70.89 for
yellow, 67.92-70.77 for white and dry matter 85.68-87.70 for yellow,
86.69-89.42 for white. Generally, yield was higher in 2014 than 2015, the
yields obtained from both experiments showed that the hybrids far exceeded those
oftheir local checks, that is oba 98 and Oba supper2. From the result, some
outstanding genotypes were selected for performance in yield. For the white
maize genotypes, we had, DK.C 21-47 with field weight 2.8t/ha, shelled grain
weight 2.5t/ha and seed weight of 2t/ha. For the yellow maize genotypes, we had
DKC91-44 with field weight 5t/ha, shelled grain weight 4,t/ha and seed weight
of 2.3t/ha. Yields from the yellow maize far exceeded those obtained from white
maize. The Yellow maize genotypes were more tolerant to insect pest, disease
and animal damage than the white. Result suggested that the test population may
have been bred from identical parents. It was concluded that further
improvement of the white genotypes be made by incorporating factors that will
increase tolerance/ control to traits like ear rot, streak, blight and rodents
damage to make it suitable for the Umudike/ S/E ecological zone.
OBONO, O (2023). Analysis of yield, yield components and proximate composition of hybrid maize ( Zea mays L.) Genotypes in Umuahia, Abia State:-: Obono, Patricia M. . Repository.mouau.edu.ng: Retrieved Dec 09, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/analysis-of-yield-yield-components-and-proximate-composition-of-hybrid-maize-zea-mays-l-genotypes-in-umuahia-abia-state-obono-patricia-m-7-2
OBONO, OBONO. "Analysis of yield, yield components and proximate composition of hybrid maize ( Zea mays L.) Genotypes in Umuahia, Abia State:-: Obono, Patricia M. " Repository.mouau.edu.ng. Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 22 Nov. 2023, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/analysis-of-yield-yield-components-and-proximate-composition-of-hybrid-maize-zea-mays-l-genotypes-in-umuahia-abia-state-obono-patricia-m-7-2. Accessed 09 Dec. 2024.
OBONO, OBONO. "Analysis of yield, yield components and proximate composition of hybrid maize ( Zea mays L.) Genotypes in Umuahia, Abia State:-: Obono, Patricia M. ". Repository.mouau.edu.ng, Repository.mouau.edu.ng, 22 Nov. 2023. Web. 09 Dec. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/analysis-of-yield-yield-components-and-proximate-composition-of-hybrid-maize-zea-mays-l-genotypes-in-umuahia-abia-state-obono-patricia-m-7-2 >.
OBONO, OBONO. "Analysis of yield, yield components and proximate composition of hybrid maize ( Zea mays L.) Genotypes in Umuahia, Abia State:-: Obono, Patricia M. " Repository.mouau.edu.ng (2023). Accessed 09 Dec. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/analysis-of-yield-yield-components-and-proximate-composition-of-hybrid-maize-zea-mays-l-genotypes-in-umuahia-abia-state-obono-patricia-m-7-2