ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS ON NIGERIA CURRENCY
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page
Certification i
Dedication ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Tables 1-7 vi
Abstract ﾿
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 ﾿ Introduction ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 1 ﾿
1.1 Aims and Objective of Study ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 5
1.2 Study Hypothesis ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 6
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 7
CHAPTER THREE
Materials and Methods
3.0 Study Area ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 13
3.1 Sample Collection ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 13
3.2 Serial Dilution ﾿ ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 13
3.3 Sterilization of Materials ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 14
3.4 Preparation of Media ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 14
3.5 Culturing ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 15
3.6 Microbiological Evaluation ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 15
3.7 Gram Staining Techniques ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 16
3.8 Biochemical Tests ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 17
3.8.1 Oxidase Test ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 17
3.8.2 Catalase Test ﾿ ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 17
3.8.3 Motility Test ﾿ ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 17
3.8.4 Indole Test ﾿ ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 18
3.8.5 Citrate Test ﾿ ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 18
3.8.6 Coagulase Test ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 18
3.8.7 Urease Test ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 19
3.8.8 Triple Sugar iron Test - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 19
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Results ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - 20
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion, Recommendation and Conclusion ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ - ﾿ 28
REFERENCES ﾿
APPENDIX ﾿
LIST OF TABLES
No. Tittle
TABLE 1: Incidence of Bacterial Contamination of Nigeria Currencies In Umuahia Metropolis.
TABLE 2: Morphological Characteristics of the Isolates.
TABLE 3: Biochemical Characterization of Isolates
TABLE 4: Percentage Frequency of Occurrence of Bacterial Isolates (%)
TABLE 5: Standard Deviation and Mean Bacterial Load of Isolates (cfu/ml)
TABLE 6: Incidence of Fungal Contamination of Nigeria Currencies in Umuahia Metropolis.
TABLE 7: Macroscopic and Microscopic Morphological Characteristics of the Isolates.
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APA
EZE, & MOUAU/11/17366, C. P. (2020). ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS ON NIGERIA CURRENCY . Michael Okpara University of Agriculture. Retrieved June 7, 2026, from http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-identification-of-pathogenic-organisms-on-nigeria-currency
MLA
EZE, and COLLINS PRECIOUS MOUAU/11/17366. "ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS ON NIGERIA CURRENCY ." Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, 23 Apr. 2020, http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-identification-of-pathogenic-organisms-on-nigeria-currency. Accessed June 7, 2026.
Chicago
EZE, and COLLINS PRECIOUS MOUAU/11/17366. "ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS ON NIGERIA CURRENCY ." Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (2020). Accessed June 7, 2026. http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-identification-of-pathogenic-organisms-on-nigeria-currency