ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM SOIL RECEIVING ABATTOIR EFFLUENT IN UMUAHIA, ABIA STATE

ABSTRACT

Soil samples were collected from different location within Ubakala Abattoir, Umuahia and serially diluted followed by pour plate technique to screen for antibiotic producing colonies. The media used for the screening were nutrient agar, Tryptic soy agar, Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte deficient agar and DeMan, Rogosa and Sharpe agar. Antibiotic- sensitivity test was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar and the inhibitory effect of the isolated microorganism was found out by screening them against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp, Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, and Pseudomonas spp. Characterization was done by performing various biochemical tests and staining methods. The antibiotic producing bacteria isolated were Bacillus spp, Lactobacillus spp, Proteus spp and Micrococcus spp.  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ﾿ i

Certification ﾿ ii

Dedication ﾿ iii

Acknowledgements ﾿ iv

Table of Contents ﾿ v

List of Tables ﾿ vi

Abstract ﾿ vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 ﾿ Objectives ﾿ 2

1.2 ﾿ Background of Study ﾿ 3

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 ﾿ Soil ﾿ 6

2.2 ﾿ Soil Colour ﾿ 6

2.3 ﾿ Soil Types ﾿ 7

2.4 ﾿ Physiochemical parameters of soil ﾿ 8

2.5 ﾿ Soil Bacteria ﾿ 10

2.6 ﾿ Antibiotics ﾿ 12

2.6.1 ﾿ Antibiotic producing Bacteria ﾿ 13

2.7 ﾿ Classification of Antibiotics ﾿ 14

2.8 ﾿ Production of Antibiotics ﾿ 15

2.9 ﾿ Abattoir ﾿ 16

2.9.1 ﾿ Activities that occur in abattoirs ﾿ 17

2.9.2 ﾿ Abattoir Waste ﾿ 18

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS

3.1 ﾿ Collection and preparation of soil samples ﾿ 19

3.2 ﾿ Isolation of the microorganism ﾿ 19

3.3 ﾿ Identification of Bacteria ﾿ 20

3.3.1 ﾿ Gram staining ﾿ 20

3.3.2 ﾿ Spore staining ﾿ 21

3.3.3 ﾿ Motility test ﾿ 21

3.4 ﾿ Sub-culturing ﾿ 21

3.5 ﾿ Biochemical tests ﾿ 21

3.6 ﾿ Antibiotic sensitivity tests ﾿ 23

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

5.1 ﾿ Discussion ﾿ 32

5.2 ﾿ Conclusion ﾿ 34 ﾿

REFERENCES

APPENDIX ﾿