INFLUENCE OF COSMETICS USE ON THE MONEY MANAGEMENT OF FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, UMUDIKE, ABIA STATE

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the influence of cosmetics on the money management of undergraduate students of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike. Specifically the study identified the effect of cosmetics on the physical appearance of the female students. It also determined the purposes of wearing cosmetics and makeups, influence of cosmetics use on the money management of female undergraduate students and measures taken to acquire money for makeup. Four research questions guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised of the female undergraduate students. The sample size was 246 female undergraduate students. Questionnaires were used for data collection. The instrument was validated by home economics lecturers. Data were analyzed using percentage, means and frequency. The findings were that the majority of the female students in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike uses makeup everyday and applies the makeup for themselves, The female students shared and borrowed makeup from friends because those that borrow has no money to buy one and those that shared gets broke because they spend much on makeup, the female undergraduate students wear makeup to cover blemishes/scars, to get attention, to compete with friends, to feel high self esteem, for fun, to meet up expectations, and also to wear it because others are wearing it and finally that the female students allocates their money more on makeup and can do anything to get money for makeup. Some engages in social vices like robbery, while others acquire from friends, family and some engaged in part time jobs to acquire money for make-ups. The recommendations that were made was that the female students needs to budget their money very well and spend less on makeup by going for cheaper products that has same qualities with the costlier products. Though the costlier products may be safer, durable and of good quality, but one can still find cheaper products that have a good quality by being consumer educated on such products. Also government and beauty industries should sort a way to reduce the cost of products to an affordable amount for students that cannot afford the beauty products. The universities government and the country should make effort to ameliorate the hardship associated with acquaintance of money for the students in order to avoid immoral acts among the female students to acquire money for makeup.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ﾿ i

Approval page ﾿ ii

Certification ﾿ iii

Dedication ﾿ iv

Acknowledgement ﾿ v

Table of Contents ﾿ vi

List of Tables ﾿ ix

Abstract ﾿ x

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 ﾿ INTRODUCTION ﾿ 1

1.1 ﾿ Background of Study ﾿ 1

1.2 ﾿ Statement of Problem ﾿ 4

1.3 ﾿ Objectives of Study ﾿ 5

1.4 ﾿ Research Questions ﾿ 6

1.5 ﾿ Significance of Study ﾿ 6

1.6 ﾿ Scope of Study ﾿ 7

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 ﾿ LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿ 8

2.1 ﾿ Conceptual Frameworks ﾿ 8

2.1.1 ﾿ History of Makeup (Cosmetics) ﾿ 10

2.1.2 ﾿ Cosmetic in Ancient Cultures ﾿ 11

2.1.3 ﾿ Modern Cosmetology ﾿ 11

2.1.4 ﾿ Money ﾿ 12

2.1.5 ﾿ Management ﾿ 12

2.1.6 ﾿ Undergraduates ﾿ 13

2.2 ﾿ Theoretical Frameworks ﾿ 13

2.2.1 ﾿ Feminist Legal Theory      ﾿ 15                    

2.2.2 ﾿ Theory of Ideals of Beauty ﾿ 16

2.3 ﾿ Review of Empirical Studies ﾿ 20

2.4 ﾿ Summary of Literature Studies ﾿ 22

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 ﾿ MATERIALS AND METHOD ﾿ 23

3.1 ﾿ Introductions ﾿ 23

3.2    Area of the study ﾿ 23

3.3 ﾿ Research Design ﾿ 23

3.4 ﾿ Population of Study ﾿ 24

3.5 ﾿ Sampling Techniques ﾿ 24

3.6 ﾿ Instrument for the Study ﾿ 25

3.7 ﾿ Validation of Instrument ﾿ 25

3.8 ﾿ Data Collection Technique ﾿ 26

3.9 ﾿ Data Analysis Technique ﾿ 26

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT AND DISCUSSION ﾿ 28

4.1 ﾿ Personal Characteristics ﾿ 28

4.2 ﾿ Ways of Cosmetics Use ﾿ 30

4.3    ﾿ Effects of Cosmetics ﾿ 33

4.4 ﾿ purpose of makeup ﾿ 34

4.5a Influence of Makeup on Money Management ﾿ 35

4.5b: ﾿ Allocation of Money ﾿ 36

4.6 ﾿ Measures Taken to Acquire Money for Makeup ﾿ 39

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 ﾿ SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ﾿ 41

5.1 ﾿ Summary ﾿ 41

5.1.1 ﾿ Restatement of the Problems ﾿ 42

5.1.2 ﾿ Description of Procedures Used ﾿ 42

5.1.3 Findings ﾿ 43

5.2 ﾿ Conclusion ﾿ 44

5.3 ﾿ Recommendation ﾿ 44

REFERENCE

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1 personal characteristics of the female students ﾿ 28

Table 4.2 ﾿ Ways of Cosmetics Use ﾿ 30

Table 4.4 ﾿ purpose of makeup ﾿ 34

Table 4.5a Influence of Makeup on Money Management ﾿ 35

Table 4.5b: ﾿ Allocation of Money ﾿ 36