Actinomycetes Associated With The Rhizosphere Of Some Selected Plants

Authors: EMENIKE HELEN MOUAU/MCB/14/23801 | Microbiology Projects 43 pages 8,906 words

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ABSTRACT

Actinomycetes are saprophytic soil inhabitants, the most widely distributed group of microorganism in nature. Plant rhizosphere soil habors various kinds of microorganism. Actinomycetes are aerobic, spore forming Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the order Actinomycetales characaterised with substrate and aerial mycelium growth that form the most abundant organisms that form thread-like filaments in the soil and are responsible for characteristically “earthy” smell of freshly turned healthy soil. The present study was conducted with a view to isolate and identifies Actinomycetes from rhizospheric soil of plant (potato, turmeric and coconut) Obtained from Okwuta Ibeku Umuahia using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. The soil was pre-treated to eliminate the community known microbes using a hot air oven. The culturing was  done using spread method and was subcultured using streak method.  Two isolates were identified as Actinomyces spp and Streptomyces spp. The highest number of Actinomycetes were isolated from potato rhizoshere soil (2x10-5) from this study. Actinomycetes can be isolated and identified from different rhizosphere of plants. Further study should be carried out on rhisosphere of plants to exploit beneficial actinomycetes which will be useful to man and its environment.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ﾿ i

Certification ﾿ ii

Dedication ﾿ iii

Acknowledgements ﾿ iv

Table of contents ﾿ v

List of tables ﾿ vii

Abstract ﾿ viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.1       Introduction ﾿ 1

1.2       Actinomycetes ﾿ 2

1.3       Aims and Objectives ﾿ 3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0        LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿ 4

2.1       Actinomycetes ﾿ 4

2.1.1    Actinomycetes diversity and distribution in nature ﾿ 6

2.1.2    Actinomycetes a novel microorganism ﾿ 6

2.1.3    Actinomycetes -brief on taxonomy ﾿ 8

2.1.4    Role of Actinomycetes in ecosystem ﾿ 9

2.1.5    Actinomycetes in plant rhizosphere of soils ﾿ 9

2.2       Actinomycetes enzymes ﾿ 10

2.2.1     Production of lytic enzymes ﾿ 10

2.2.2    Therapeutic enzymes ﾿ 10

2.2.3    Actinomycetes in biodegradation of toxic pollutants ﾿ 11

2.2.4    Actinomycetes as a probiotic supplement ﾿ 12

2.2.5    Actinomycetes as Biocontrol Tools ﾿ 12

2.3       Characteristics of Actinomycetes ﾿ 13

2.3.1     Biochemical and physiological characteristics                                                    ﾿ 13

2.3.2    Molecular characteristics                                                                                ﾿ 14 

CHAPTER THREE

MATERIALS AND METHODS                                                                                  ﾿ 17

3.1        Sample collection                                                                                            ﾿ 17

3.2       Sterilization of Materials                                                                                  ﾿ 17

3.3       Pre-treatment of Soil Samples                                                                            ﾿ 17 

3.4.1    Media Used                                                                                                    ﾿ 17 

3.5      ﾿ Serial Dilution                                                                                                ﾿ 17

3.5.1     Culturing                                                                                                        ﾿ 18

3.5.2    Colonial Examination                                                                                      ﾿ 18

3.5.3    Sub-Culturing                                                                                                  ﾿ 18

3.5.4    Gram Staining                                                                                                  ﾿ 19 

3.6       Biochemical Test                                                                                              ﾿ 19

3.6.1     Starch hydrolysis test                                                                                        ﾿ 19

3.6.2    Hydrogen sulphide test                                                                              ﾿ 20

3.6.3     Gelatin hydrolysis                                 .                                                              ﾿ 20

3.6.4    Catalasetest                                                                                                    ﾿ 21

3.6.5    Oxidasetest                 .                                                                                    ﾿ 21

3.6.6    Carbohydrate fermentation test                                                                      ﾿ 21

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0       Results                                                                                                            ﾿ 23

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1        Conclusions                                                                                                    ﾿ 26

5.2       Recommendations                                                                                            ﾿ 26

References                                                                                                                ﾿ 27

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